鲸兽鲸科
鲸兽鲸科 化石时期：
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| 拉氏鲸兽鲸 | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
| 目： | 偶蹄目 Artiodactyla |
| 下目： | 鲸下目 Cetacea |
| 演化支： | 大洋鯨類 Pelagiceti |
| 演化支： | 新鯨類 Neoceti |
| 小目： | 鬚鯨小目 Mysticeti |
| 演化支： | 無齒鬚鯨類 Chaeomysticeti |
| 演化支： | 露脊鲸形类 Balaenomorpha |
| 总科： | 海兽鲸总科 Thalassotherii |
| 科： | 鲸兽鲸科 Cetotheriidae Brandt 1872 |
| 亚科和属 | |
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见下文 | |
| 異名 | |
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新须鲸科 Neobalaenidae? Miller, 1923 | |
鲸兽鲸科（学名：Cetotheriidae）是须鲸小目下的一科。[1] 该科一般被认为从晚渐新世一直延续到了早更新世。近年来的一些研究（Fordyce & Marx 2013）认为现存的小露脊鲸应当属于鲸兽鲸科，是该科仅存的成员，但也有研究认为小露脊鲸所属的新须鲸科不属于鲸兽鲸科，而是鲸兽鲸科的姊妹群。
分类
[编辑]鲸兽鲸科（Cetotheriidae）作为垃圾箱类群早在1872年便由Brant命名，该科最初被用来归类不属于须鲸中不属于任意现存科的物种。[2]
通过对比23类已灭绝或现存的须鲸骨骼，[3]Bouetel & Muizon 2006发现传统意义上的鲸兽鲸科是一个多系群。基于十个颅骨特征，他们得出结论，在原有的十二个化石种中只有六个构成单系群，即狭义鲸兽鲸科（Cetotheriidae sensu stricto）。[4]
Bisconti, Lambert & Bosselaers 2013 认为最原始的“鲸兽鲸类”上毛鲸属（学名：Joumocetus）实际上是他们新命名的海兽鲸总科（学名：Thalassotherii，包括广义和狭义的鲸兽鲸科，灰鲸科和须鲸科）下最基础的已命名成员，他们建议将广义鲸兽鲸科改称为“基干海兽鲸类”（stem thalassotherians）。[5]Fordyce & Marx 2013 基于分子学数据发现，小露脊鲸和灰鲸科、须鲸科构成了密切相关的一个分支，此外在“鲸兽鲸类”中，小露脊鲸可能和爬鲸亚科（包括爬鲸属和矮须鲸属）关系最为密切。[6] 然而，Bisconti等人于2013年同样基于分子学数据的研究却认为小露脊鲸实际上和露脊鲸科关系更为密切，但他们补充道，随着基于更多标本的研究，研究人员将在几年内解决这些相互矛盾的结果。[7]
根据El Adli等人于2014年的研究[8]和在线数据库Fossilworks，鲸兽鲸科包括了以下物种：[1]
- †首鯨屬 Cephalotropis Cope 1896[9]
- †上毛鲸属 Joumocetus Kimura & Hasegawa 2010[9]
- †鲸兽鲸亚科 Cetotheriinae Whitmore and Barnes, 2008
- †Brandtocetus Gol'din and Startsev 2014[10]
- †鲸兽鲸属 Cetotherium Brandt 1843[9][11]
- †Ciuciulea Gol'din, 2018[12]
- †真鯨獸鯨屬 Eucetotherium Brandt 1873[9]
- †Kurdalagonus Tarasenko & Lopatin 2012a[9]
- †Mithridatocetus Gol'din and Startsev 2017[13]
- †Vampalus Tarasenko & Lopatin 2012b
- †Zygiocetus Tarasenko 2014[14]
- 爬鲸亚科 Herpetocetinae Steeman, 2007
分类未定:
- †Hibacetus Otsuka and Ota 2008
参考文献
[编辑]备注
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 Cetotheriidae. Fossilworks. [17 December 2021].
- ^ Steeman 2010
- ^ Bouetel & Muizon 2006，第373頁
- ^ Bouetel & Muizon 2006，Abstract
- ^ Bisconti, Lambert & Bosselaers 2013，第98頁
- ^ Fordyce & Marx 2013，第3頁
- ^ Fordyce & Marx 2013，第122–123頁
- ^ El Adli, Joseph J.; Deméré, Thomas A.; Boessenecker, Robert W. Herpetocetus morrowi (Cetacea: Mysticeti), a new species of diminutive baleen whale from the Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) of California, USA, with observations on the evolution and relationships of the Cetotheriidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2014, 170 (2): 400–466. doi:10.1111/zoj.12108
. hdl:2027.42/102629 .
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 Gol'din, Startsev & Krakhmalnaya 2013，第4–5頁
- ^ Gol'din, Pavel; Startsev, Dmitry. Brandtocetus, a new genus of baleen whales (Cetacea, Cetotheriidae) from the late Miocene of Crimea, Ukraine. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2014, 34 (2): 419–433. Bibcode:2014JVPal..34..419G. S2CID 84535132. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799482.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Bouetel & Muizon 2006，第376頁
- ^ Gol'din, P. New Paratethyan dwarf baleen whales mark the origin of cetotheres. PeerJ. 2018, 6: e5800. PMC 6193469 . PMID 30356949. doi:10.7717/peerj.5800 .
- ^ Gol'din, Pavel; Startsev, Dmitry. A systematic review of cetothere baleen whales (Cetacea, Cetotheriidae) from the Late Miocene of Crimea and Caucasus, with a new genus. Papers in Palaeontology. 2017, 3: 49–68. S2CID 88690543. doi:10.1002/spp2.1066.
- ^ Tarasenko, K. K. New Genera of Baleen Whales (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the Miocene of the Northern Caucasus and Ciscaucasia: 3. Zygiocetus gen. nov. (Middle Sarmatian, Adygea). Paleontological Journal. 2014, 48 (5): 551–562. S2CID 84342193. doi:10.1134/S0031030114050116.
- ^ Bisconti, Michelangelo. Anatomy of a new cetotheriid genus and species from the Miocene of Herentals, Belgium, and the phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical relationships of Cetotheriidae s.s. (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2015, 13 (5): 377–395. S2CID 84554891. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.890136.
- ^ Felix G. Marx; Klaas Post; Mark Bosselaers; Dirk K. Munsterman. A large Late Miocene cetotheriid (Cetacea, Mysticeti) from the Netherlands clarifies the status of Tranatocetidae. PeerJ. 2019, 7: e6426. PMC 6377596 . PMID 30783574. doi:10.7717/peerj.6426 .
参考文献
[编辑]- Bisconti, M.; Lambert, O.; Bosselaers, M. Taxonomic revision of Isocetus depauwi (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti) and the phylogenetic relationships of archaic 'cetothere' mysticetes. Palaeontology. 2013, 56 (1): 95–127. Bibcode:2013Palgy..56...95B. ISSN 0031-0239. OCLC 826744606. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01168.x .
- M. Bisconti et al. 2013. Paleo DB. （原始内容存档于2013-10-14）.
- Bouetel, V.; Muizon, C., de. The anatomy and relationships of Piscobalaena nana (Cetacea, Mysticeti), a Cetotheriidae s.s. from the early Pliocene of Peru (PDF). Geodiversitas. 2006, 28 (2): 319–395 [7 November 2013].
- Brandt, J. F. Über eine neue Classification der Bartenwhale (Balaenoidea) mit Berücksichtigung der untergegangenen Gattungen derselben. Bulletin de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg. 3. 1872, 17 [17 December 2021] （德语）.
- Family Cetotheriidae Brandt 1872 (whale). Fossilworks.
- Fordyce, R. Ewan; Marx, Felix G. The pygmy right whale Caperea marginata: the last of the cetotheres. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2013, 280 (1753): 20122645. PMC 3574355 . PMID 23256199. doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.2645.
- Gol'din, P.; Startsev, D.; Krakhmalnaya, T. The anatomy of Cetotherium riabinini Hofstein, 1948, a baleen whale from the late Miocene of Ukraine (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2013,. In press. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0107 .
- Kimura, T.; Hasegawa, Y. A New Baleen Whale (Mysticeti: Cetotheriidae) from the Earliest Late Miocene of Japan and a Reconsideration of the Phylogeny of Cetotheres. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2010, 30 (2): 577–591. Bibcode:2010JVPal..30..577K. S2CID 85819006. doi:10.1080/02724631003621912.
- Steeman, M. E. The extinct baleen whale fauna from the Miocene-Pliocene of Belgium and the diagnostic cetacean ear bones. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2010, 8 (1): 63–80. doi:10.1080/14772011003594961 .
- Tarasenko, K. K.; Lopatin, A. V. New Baleen Whale Genera (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the Miocene of the Northern Caucasus and Ciscaucasia: 1. Kurdalagonus gen. nov. from the Middle–Late Sarmatian of Adygea. Paleontological Journal. 2012a, 46 (5): 531–542. S2CID 85334152. doi:10.1134/s0031030112050115.
- K. K. Tarasenko and A. V. Lopatin 2012. Fossilworks.
- Tarasenko, K. K.; Lopatin, A. V. New Baleen Whale Genera (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the Miocene of the Northern Caucasus and Ciscaucasia: 2. Vampalus gen. nov. from the Middle-Late Miocene of Chechnya and Krasnodar Region. Paleontological Journal. 2012b, 46 (6): 620–629. S2CID 85122480. doi:10.1134/s003103011206010x.
- K. K. Tarasenko and A. V. Lopatin 2012. Fossilworks.
