炭豆菌屬

炭豆菌屬
	乳突座坚壳（R. mammiformis）的子囊果
科学分类
界：	真菌界 Fungi
门：	子囊菌门 Ascomycota
纲：	糞殼菌綱 Sordariomycetes
目：	炭角菌目 Xylariales
科：	炭角菌科 Xylariaceae
属：	炭豆菌屬 Rosellinia; De Not.（英语：Giuseppe De Notaris） (1844)
模式種
	附孢座坚壳; R. aquila; (Fr.) Ces.（英语：Vincenzo de Cesati） & De Not.
物種
	超過140種;
異名
	Byssitheca Bonord.（英语：Hermann Friedrich Bonorden） (1864); DematophoraHartig（英语：Robert Hartig） (1883); Roselinia; Vrikshoparma D.Rao & P.Rag.Rao;

炭豆菌屬（學名：Rosellinia），又稱座坚壳属，是子囊菌門糞殼菌綱炭角菌科的一個屬，最早於1844年由義大利植物學家Giuseppe De Notaris（英语：Giuseppe De Notaris）描述發表，模式種為附孢座坚壳（瑞典语：Rosellinia aquila）（R. aquila）。本屬物種廣泛分布於世界各地，其中有些可感染植物，被研究最多者為棕墊炭豆菌，是可感染多種果樹的重要病原真菌^[2]。

形態

本屬的子實體為子囊殼（perithecia），生長在子座（英语：stromata）上，且一個子座上一般只有一個子囊殼。子囊孢子的形態多變^[3]，過去常被當作物種的鑑定依據^[4]。

物種

炭豆菌屬可分為Rosellinia、Corrugata與Calomastia三個亞屬^[4]。2013年，Petrini發表了詳細的本屬專著，紀錄了共140餘種物種的形態特徵，將其分為七大類群，並主張本屬應進一步被拆分整理^[3]。

以下列出本屬部分物種：

冷杉座坚壳 Rosellinia abietina Fuckel, 1870
Rosellinia abscondita Rehm
Rosellinia acaciae A.Pande & V.G.Rao
Rosellinia aciculispora J.Fourn. & Lechat
Rosellinia acutispora (Theiss.) L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia affinis Sacc.
非洲座坚壳 Rosellinia africana Saccas
Rosellinia akulovii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia albocincta Petch
Rosellinia amazoniae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia ambigens Sacc.
Rosellinia ambigua Sacc.
Rosellinia amblystoma Berl. & F.Sacc.
Rosellinia americana (Petr.) Rappaz
Rosellinia andina Speg.
Rosellinia andurnensis Ces. & De Not.
Rosellinia angusta Wei Li bis & L.Guo
Rosellinia anthostomoides Berl.
Rosellinia apiahyna Speg.
附孢座坚壳 Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) Ces. & De Not., 1844
Rosellinia aquiloidea A.Pande & V.G.Rao
Rosellinia aranaeosa (Pers.) Sacc.
Rosellinia araneosa (Pers.) Sacc.
弧曲炭豆菌 Rosellinia arcuata Petch, 1916
Rosellinia asperata Massee ex Wakef.
Rosellinia attenuata M.Niranjan & V.V.Sarma
澳洲炭豆菌 Rosellinia australiensis Crous & P.A.Barber
Rosellinia australis Speg.
Rosellinia bakeriana Sacc.
Rosellinia biguttulata Starbäck
Rosellinia boedijnii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia boukokoae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia brassicicola Feltgen
Rosellinia breensis Starbäck
Rosellinia brevifissurata Lar.N.Vassiljeva
Rosellinia brevispora L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia britannica L.E.Petrini, Petrini & S.M.Francis
Rosellinia brunnea Bonord.
Rosellinia brunneola Wei Li & L.Guo
錐孢炭豆菌 Rosellinia bunodes (Berk. & Broome) Sacc., 1882
Rosellinia buxi Fabre
Rosellinia cainii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia calami Henn.
Rosellinia callimorphoides Rehm
Rosellinia callosa G.Winter
Rosellinia camphorae Q.R.Li, J.C.Kang & K.D.Hyde
Rosellinia capetribulensis J.Bahl, Jeewon & K.D.Hyde^[5]
Rosellinia carrollii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia caryae Bonar
Rosellinia cassiae S.B.Kale
Rosellinia castaneae Oudem.
Rosellinia caudata Petch
清迈炭豆菌 Rosellinia chiangmaiensis Daranag. & K.D.Hyde
Rosellinia chusqueae Pat.
Rosellinia cibodasae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia cinereoviolascens Starbäck
Rosellinia citriformis F.Stevens & Weedon
Rosellinia clavariae (Tul.) G.Winter
Rosellinia coffeae Saccas
Rosellinia coffeicola Pat.
Rosellinia colensoi Cooke
Rosellinia communis L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia compacta Takemoto
Rosellinia conferta Lar.N.Vassiljeva
Rosellinia congesta I.Hino & Katum.
刚果炭豆菌 Rosellinia congolensis Saccas
Rosellinia convexa Q.R.Li & J.C.Kang
Rosellinia cornicola Naumov
類附胞炭豆菌 Rosellinia corticium (Schwein.) Sacc., 1882
Rosellinia costesii Speg.
Rosellinia crassispora L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia culmicola Teng
Rosellinia culmorum (Feltgen) Höhn.
Rosellinia decidua Petch
Rosellinia desmazieresii (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Rosellinia desmazieri (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Rosellinia desmodii Henn.
Rosellinia diathrausta (Rehm) L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia didolotii Saccas
Rosellinia dingleyae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia discreta J.Fourn. & Lechat
Rosellinia dolichospora Syd. & P.Syd.
Rosellinia echinocarpa Saccas
Rosellinia elaeospora Sacc. & Fairm.
Rosellinia erianthi Chona & Munjal
Rosellinia etrusca Fabre
Rosellinia eucalypticola Henn. & E.Nyman
Rosellinia euterpes Rehm
Rosellinia floridana L.E.Petrini
臺灣炭豆菌 Rosellinia formosana Y.M.Ju & J.D.Rogers, 1999
Rosellinia franciscae Petrini
Rosellinia francisiae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia freycinetiae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia fuscomaculans Rehm
Rosellinia fusispora Kirschst.
Rosellinia geophila E.Bommer, M.Rousseau & Sacc.
Rosellinia gigantea Ellis & Everh.
Rosellinia gisbornia L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia glabra (Fuckel) L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia glomerata (Viala) Sacc. & Traverso
Rosellinia grantii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia granulosa J.Fourn. & Lechat
Rosellinia guianae L.E.Petrini
海南炭豆菌 Rosellinia hainanensis Wei Li bis & L.Guo
Rosellinia helicofissurata L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia heliconiae J.Fourn. & Lechat
Rosellinia helvetica L.E.Petrini, Petrini & S.M.Francis
Rosellinia heraclei Gucevič
喜马拉雅炭豆菌 Rosellinia himalayensis Dargan & K.S.Thind
Rosellinia hippophaes Rehm
Rosellinia hsiehiae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia hughesii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia hyalospora Theiss.
Rosellinia hypoxyloides (Henn.) Sacc. & D.Sacc.
Rosellinia immersa Petch
印度座坚壳 Rosellinia indica Dargan & K.S.Thind
Rosellinia insularis Lar.N.Vassiljeva
爪哇炭豆菌 Rosellinia javaensis L.E.Petrini
江西座坚壳 Rosellinia jiangxiensis Wei Li bis & L.Guo
约翰斯顿炭豆菌 Rosellinia johnstonii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia lakshadweepensis A.Pande & V.G.Rao
Rosellinia laminariana G.K.Sutherl.
Rosellinia lamprostoma Syd. & P.Syd.
Rosellinia lechatii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia leopoldensis L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia lepidolophae Byzova & Vasyag.
Rosellinia lignicola (Cooke & Massee) Petr. & Syd.
Rosellinia lobayensis Saccas
Rosellinia longispora Rick
Rosellinia macdonaldii Bres.
Rosellinia macrospora A.Pande & Mhaskar
乳突座坚壳 Rosellinia mammiformis (Pers.) Ces. & De Not., 1863
Rosellinia mammoidea (Cooke) Sacc.
Rosellinia mangiferae Syd. & P.Syd.
Rosellinia marcucciana Ces.
Rosellinia markhamiae Sivan.
Rosellinia mastoidea Sacc.
Rosellinia mastoidiformis Saccas
Rosellinia mearnsii Tennakoon, Phook. & K.D.Hyde
Rosellinia megalospora Saccas
Rosellinia menglana Wei Li bis & L.Guo
Rosellinia merrillii Syd. & P.Syd.
Rosellinia microscopica (De Not.) Sacc.
Rosellinia mimosae S.B.Kale
小座坚壳 Rosellinia minor (Höhn.) S.M.Francis
微座坚壳 Rosellinia minuta (Nitschke) Speg.
Rosellinia moroides (Curr.) Sacc.
Rosellinia morthieri Fuckel
Rosellinia mouchaccae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia muroiana I.Hino & Katum.
Rosellinia musispora Van Ryck. & Verbeken
Rosellinia neblinae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia necatrix (Hart.) Berl.
棕墊炭豆菌 Rosellinia necatrix Berl. ex Prill., 1904，褐座坚壳
Rosellinia nectrioides Rehm
Rosellinia nigerrima Peyronel
Rosellinia nigropileata J.Fourn. & Lechat
Rosellinia nothofagi L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia novae-zelandiae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia obliquata (Sommerf.) Sacc.
Rosellinia obregonii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia obtusa Petch
Rosellinia obtusiostiolata L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia obtusispora Penz. & Sacc.
Rosellinia occultata Feltgen
Rosellinia opuntiicola Speg.
Rosellinia palmae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia papaverea (Berk. & Broome) Ces. & De Not.
巴拉圭炭豆菌 Rosellinia paraguayensis Starbäck
Rosellinia parva L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia paschkovskii Kravtzev
Rosellinia patilii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia pepo Pat.
Rosellinia pervariabilis Q.R.Li & J.C.Kang
Rosellinia petrakii Narendra
Rosellinia petriniae A.Pande & V.G.Rao
Rosellinia pistaciae Frolov
Rosellinia procera Syd. & P.Syd.
Rosellinia pseudohypoxylon Speg.
Rosellinia puiggari Pat.
Rosellinia punicae Anahosur
Rosellinia pyramidalis Lar.N.Vassiljeva
Rosellinia pyxidella Ces.
Rosellinia queenslandiae (Henn.) Sacc. & D.Sacc.
Rosellinia quercina R.Hartig
Rosellinia radiciperda Massee
Rosellinia raimundi Sacc.
Rosellinia rhacodioides Sacc.
Rosellinia rhanicensis Petr.
Rosellinia rhopalostylidicola L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia rickii Bres.
Rosellinia rogersii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia romana Sacc.
Rosellinia rosarum Niessl
Rosellinia rossmaniae L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia saccardii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia saccardoi Petrini, 1992
Rosellinia saccasii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia salicum Fabre
Rosellinia samuelsii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia sancta-cruciana Ferd. & Winge
Rosellinia siggersii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia sigmoidea Q.R.Li, J.C.Kang & K.D.Hyde
Rosellinia sigmoideofissurata L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia sigmoides Q.R.Li, J.C.Kang & K.D.Hyde
Rosellinia similis Sacc.
Rosellinia smilacina Speg.
Rosellinia somala Bacc.
Rosellinia spiraeanthi Schwarzman
Rosellinia spiraliterfissurata L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia starbaeckii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia steineriana Keissl.
Rosellinia stenasca Rick
Rosellinia subiculata (Schwein.) Sacc., 1882
Rosellinia subsimilis P.Karst. & Starbäck
Rosellinia subverruculosa Rehm
Rosellinia tainanii L.E.Petrini
台湾炭豆菌 Rosellinia taiwanensis L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia tenuistromicola Petch
Rosellinia tetraspora M.Niranjan & V.V.Sarma
Rosellinia tetrastigmae Q.R.Li & J.C.Kang
Rosellinia theissenii L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia thelena (Kunze) Rabenh.
Rosellinia thindii Dargan
Rosellinia tienpinensis Teng
Rosellinia tricolor Theiss.
Rosellinia truncatispora J.Fourn. & Lechat
Rosellinia tunicata Kirschst.
Rosellinia ucrainica L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia umbilicata Sacc.
Rosellinia variospora Starbäck
委内瑞拉炭豆菌 Rosellinia venezuelensis L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia verrucaria Mont. ex Sacc.
Rosellinia victoriae Syd. & P.Syd.
Rosellinia weiriana Sacc.
Rosellinia winckleriana Henn. ex L.E.Petrini
Rosellinia yumingjui L.E.Petrini
云南炭豆菌 Rosellinia yunnanensis Wei Li bis & L.Guo

參考文獻

^ Rosellinia De Not. 1844. MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [2012-02-27].
^ Kondo, Hideki; Kanematsu, Satoko; Suzuki, Nobuhiro. Viruses of the White Root Rot Fungus, Rosellinia necatrix. Advances in Virus Research 86. Elsevier. 2013: 177–214 [2022-11-22]. ISBN 978-0-12-394315-6. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394315-6.00007-6. （原始内容存档于2022-06-23）（英语）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Wittstein, K.; Cordsmeier, A.; Lambert, C.; Wendt, L.; Sir, E.B.; Weber, J.; Wurzler, N.; Petrini, L.E.; Stadler, M. Identification of Rosellinia species as producers of cyclodepsipeptide PF1022 A and resurrection of the genus Dematophora as inferred from polythetic taxonomy. Studies in Mycology. 2020-06, 96. PMC 7056724 . PMID 32165986. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.001 （英语）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Bahl, J.; Jeewon, R.; Hyde, K.D. Phylogeny of Rosellinia capetribulensis sp. nov. and its allies ( Xylariaceae ). Mycologia. 2005-09, 97 (5) [2022-11-22]. ISSN 0027-5514. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832758. （原始内容存档于2020-08-17）（英语）.
^ J. Bahl, R. Jeewon & K.D. Hyde (2005) Phylogeny of Rosellinia capetribulensis sp. nov. and its allies (Xylariaceae), Mycologia, 97:5, 1102-1110, DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832758

[urlMycoBank:_Rosellinia-1] Rosellinia De Not. 1844. MycoBank. International Mycological Association. [2012-02-27].

[KondoKanematsu2013-2] Kondo, Hideki; Kanematsu, Satoko; Suzuki, Nobuhiro. Viruses of the White Root Rot Fungus, Rosellinia necatrix. Advances in Virus Research 86. Elsevier. 2013: 177–214 [2022-11-22]. ISBN 978-0-12-394315-6. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394315-6.00007-6. （原始内容存档于2022-06-23）（英语）.

[WittsteinCordsmeier2020-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Wittstein, K.; Cordsmeier, A.; Lambert, C.; Wendt, L.; Sir, E.B.; Weber, J.; Wurzler, N.; Petrini, L.E.; Stadler, M. Identification of Rosellinia species as producers of cyclodepsipeptide PF1022 A and resurrection of the genus Dematophora as inferred from polythetic taxonomy. Studies in Mycology. 2020-06, 96. PMC 7056724 . PMID 32165986. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.001 （英语）.

[BahlJeewon2017-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Bahl, J.; Jeewon, R.; Hyde, K.D. Phylogeny of Rosellinia capetribulensis sp. nov. and its allies ( Xylariaceae ). Mycologia. 2005-09, 97 (5) [2022-11-22]. ISSN 0027-5514. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832758. （原始内容存档于2020-08-17）（英语）.

[5] J. Bahl, R. Jeewon & K.D. Hyde (2005) Phylogeny of Rosellinia capetribulensis sp. nov. and its allies (Xylariaceae), Mycologia, 97:5, 1102-1110, DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832758

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