壬苯醇醚

壬苯醇醚
別名	壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚
識別
CAS號	9016-45-9
	若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

壬苯醇醚是一種非離子性的表面活性劑，常用來作為清潔劑、乳化劑、表面活性劑及消泡劑（英語：defoamer）。其中最常提及的化合物壬苯醇醚-9（英語：nonoxynol-9）是殺精劑，是陰道用泡沫及乳霜的成份之一。在實驗室中對實驗動物注射壬苯醇醚，發現可以代謝為壬基酚^[1]。Arkopal-N60中平均有六個乙二醇單位，也是相關的表面活性劑。

製備

壬苯醇醚可以由烷基酚的乙氧基化而成。其反應物壬基酚可以由酚和壬烯混合後反應而得。

有關毒性的議題

自1990年起開始關注壬苯醇醚對環境的影響。此表面活性劑有輕微到中等程度的雌激素功能^[2]，因此在歐洲這類的清潔劑已在限制使用在清潔下水道的產品中，美國的清潔劑廠商也不使用這類的化合物^[3]。

2011年針對美國十四種品牌的衣物調查，包括愛迪達、優衣庫、卡爾文·克雷恩、H&M、Abercrombie & Fitch、拉科斯特、 Converse、Ralph Lauren等 ^[4]^[5]，結果發現有殘餘的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。

參考資料

^ Sonnenschein, Carlos, and Ana M. Soto. "An Updated Review of Environmental Estrogen and Androgen Mimics and Antagonists." The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 65.1-6 (1998): 143-50.
^ Comparison of protein expression in plasma from nonylphenol and bisphenol A-exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) by use of SELDI-TOF. Larsen Bodil K; Bjornstad Anne; Sundt Rolf C; Taban Ingrid C; Pampanin Daniela M; Andersen Odd Ketil International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) AS, Mekjarvik 12, N-4070 Randaberg, Norway Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2006), 78 Suppl 1 S25-33.
^ "Going green" （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, cover story in chemical and Engineering Letters, vol. 85, No. 5, January 2007
^ Heimbuch, Jaymi. Big-Brand Clothing Found Laced with Toxic Chemicals. TreeHugger. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-11）.
^ Dirty Laundry 2: Hung Out to Dry | Greenpeace Africa. Greenpeace.org. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始內容存檔於2017-05-04）.

外部連結

J.K.G. Dondt, G. Gomppner, D. Richter (Eds) Soft matter: complex materials on mesoscopic scales - Schriften des Forschungszentrum Jülich, Vol. 10, 2002.

[1] Sonnenschein, Carlos, and Ana M. Soto. "An Updated Review of Environmental Estrogen and Androgen Mimics and Antagonists." The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 65.1-6 (1998): 143-50.

[2] Comparison of protein expression in plasma from nonylphenol and bisphenol A-exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) by use of SELDI-TOF. Larsen Bodil K; Bjornstad Anne; Sundt Rolf C; Taban Ingrid C; Pampanin Daniela M; Andersen Odd Ketil International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) AS, Mekjarvik 12, N-4070 Randaberg, Norway Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2006), 78 Suppl 1 S25-33.

[3] "Going green" （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, cover story in chemical and Engineering Letters, vol. 85, No. 5, January 2007

[4] Heimbuch, Jaymi. Big-Brand Clothing Found Laced with Toxic Chemicals. TreeHugger. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-11）.

[5] Dirty Laundry 2: Hung Out to Dry | Greenpeace Africa. Greenpeace.org. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始內容存檔於2017-05-04）.

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