紅天蛾

紅天蛾
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	節肢動物門 Arthropoda
綱：	昆蟲綱 Insecta
目：	鱗翅目 Lepidoptera
科：	天蛾科 Sphingidae
屬：	白腰天蛾屬 Deilephila
種：	紅天蛾 D. elpenor
二名法
	Deilephila elpenor; (Linnaeus, 1758)
異名
	Sphinx elpenor Linnaeus, 1758 ; Chaerocampa lewisii Butler, 1875 ; Elpenor vitis Oken, 1815 ; Chaerocampa elpenor alboradiata Lambillion, 1913 ; Chaerocampa elpenor cinerescens Newnham, 1900 ; Deilephila elpenor argentea Burrau, 1950 ; Deilephila elpenor philippsi Niepelt, 1921 ; Deilephila elpenor tristis Lempke & Stolk, 1986 ; Deilephila elpenor vautrini Austaut, 1907 ; Eumorpha elpenor clara Tutt, 1904 ; Eumorpha elpenor obsoleta Tutt, 1904 ; Eumorpha elpenor pallida Tutt, 1904 ; Eumorpha elpenor unicolor Tutt, 1904 ; Eumorpha elpenor virgata Tutt, 1904 ; Pergesa elpenor daubi Niepelt, 1908 ; Pergesa elpenor distincta Meyer, 1969 ; Pergesa elpenor hades Rebel, 1910 ; Pergesa elpenor lugens Niepelt, 1926 ; Pergesa elpenor scheiderbaueri Gschwandner, 1924 ; Pergesa elpenor szechuana Chu & Wang, 1980 ;

紅天蛾（Deilephila elpenor）^[2]是鱗翅目天蛾科下屬的一種昆蟲。^[3]它主要分佈中歐，並且已被引入^[4]加拿大卑詩省。中國境內也有分佈^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]。

紅天蛾體長約70毫米，一般在夜間活動，而且可以^[9]懸停^[9]^[10]。紅天蛾還能傳播花粉。^[11]

紅天蛾從幼體成長到蛹大約需要27天。^[12]

蝙蝠是紅天蛾的天敵，紅天蛾是蝙蝠的食物來源之一。^[13]不過紅天蛾的幼蟲食葉^[14]，而且對鳳仙花、葡萄、忍冬、法國冬青來說是害蟲。^[15]^[16]

參考文獻

^ CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience – Sphingidae. Cate-sphingidae.org. [2011-10-26]. （原始內容存檔於2012-10-15）.
^ Ford, R. L. E. The Observer's Book of Larger British Moths. Frederick Warne & Co. 1961: 41–42.
^ Elephant hawk-moth - Norfolk Wildlife Trust. [2022-08-30]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-30）.
^ Bestmann, H. J.; Erler, J.; Garbe, W.; Kern, F.; Martischonok, V.; Schäfer, D.; Vostrowsky, O.; Wasserthal, L. T. Pheromone components of the female elephant hawk-moth, Deilephila elpenor, and the silver-striped hawk-moth, Hippotion celerio. Experientia. 1992, 48 (6): 610–613 [2017-10-22]. S2CID 41861615. doi:10.1007/BF01920249.
^ 王瑞燦，孫企農主編,園林花卉病蟲害防治手冊,上海科學技術出版社,1999.12,第386頁
^ 王焱主編,上海林業病蟲,上海科學技術出版社,2007.11,第259頁
^ Waring, Paul; Townsend, Martin. Field Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland: Third Edition. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2017-02-09. ISBN 9781472930323 （英語）.
^ Elephant Hawk-moth and caterpillar | Wildlife Insight. Wildlife Insight. [2017-10-22]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-30）（英國英語）.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Warrant, Eric. Vision in the dimmest habitats on Earth. Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 2004-10-01, 190 (10): 765–789. ISSN 0340-7594. PMID 15375626. S2CID 23491501. doi:10.1007/s00359-004-0546-z （英語）.
^ Hallam, Bridget; Floreano, Dario; Hallam, John; Hayes, Gillian; Meyer, Jean-Arcady. From Animals to Animats 7: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. MIT Press. 2002. ISBN 9780262582179 （英語）.
^ White, Richard H.; Stevenson, Robert D.; Bennett, Ruth R.; Cutler, Dianne E.; Haber, William A. Wavelength Discrimination and the Role of Ultraviolet Vision in the Feeding Behavior of Hawkmoths. Biotropica. 1994, 26 (4): 427–435. JSTOR 2389237. doi:10.2307/2389237.
^ Kim, Jae Geun. Elephant Hawk-Moth (Deilephila elpenor L.) as a Herbivore of the Bog-bean (Menyanthes trifoliata L.), an Endangered Plant Species. Journal of Wetlands Research. 2015, 17 (2): 113–117. doi:10.17663/JWR.2015.17.2.113 .
^ Andreas, Michal. Study on bat diet in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Silva Tarouca Research Institute.
^ 曾令祥編著,藥用植物病蟲害,貴州科技出版社,2017.02,第20頁
^ 吳時英，徐穎主編,城市森林病蟲害圖鑑第2版,上海科學技術出版社,2019.07,第89頁
^ 曹恒生，唐燕平編著,花木病蟲害防治,安徽科學技術出版社,2002.01,第100頁

[1] CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience – Sphingidae. Cate-sphingidae.org. [2011-10-26]. （原始內容存檔於2012-10-15）.

[2] Ford, R. L. E. The Observer's Book of Larger British Moths. Frederick Warne & Co. 1961: 41–42.

[3] Elephant hawk-moth - Norfolk Wildlife Trust. [2022-08-30]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-30）.

[:0-4] Bestmann, H. J.; Erler, J.; Garbe, W.; Kern, F.; Martischonok, V.; Schäfer, D.; Vostrowsky, O.; Wasserthal, L. T. Pheromone components of the female elephant hawk-moth, Deilephila elpenor, and the silver-striped hawk-moth, Hippotion celerio. Experientia. 1992, 48 (6): 610–613 [2017-10-22]. S2CID 41861615. doi:10.1007/BF01920249.

[5] 王瑞燦，孫企農主編,園林花卉病蟲害防治手冊,上海科學技術出版社,1999.12,第386頁

[6] 王焱主編,上海林業病蟲,上海科學技術出版社,2007.11,第259頁

[:1-7] Waring, Paul; Townsend, Martin. Field Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland: Third Edition. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2017-02-09. ISBN 9781472930323 （英語）.

[:8-8] Elephant Hawk-moth and caterpillar | Wildlife Insight. Wildlife Insight. [2017-10-22]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-30）（英國英語）.

[:7-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Warrant, Eric. Vision in the dimmest habitats on Earth. Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 2004-10-01, 190 (10): 765–789. ISSN 0340-7594. PMID 15375626. S2CID 23491501. doi:10.1007/s00359-004-0546-z （英語）.

[:13-10] Hallam, Bridget; Floreano, Dario; Hallam, John; Hayes, Gillian; Meyer, Jean-Arcady. From Animals to Animats 7: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. MIT Press. 2002. ISBN 9780262582179 （英語）.

[:12-11] White, Richard H.; Stevenson, Robert D.; Bennett, Ruth R.; Cutler, Dianne E.; Haber, William A. Wavelength Discrimination and the Role of Ultraviolet Vision in the Feeding Behavior of Hawkmoths. Biotropica. 1994, 26 (4): 427–435. JSTOR 2389237. doi:10.2307/2389237.

[:4-12] Kim, Jae Geun. Elephant Hawk-Moth (Deilephila elpenor L.) as a Herbivore of the Bog-bean (Menyanthes trifoliata L.), an Endangered Plant Species. Journal of Wetlands Research. 2015, 17 (2): 113–117. doi:10.17663/JWR.2015.17.2.113 .

[13] Andreas, Michal. Study on bat diet in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Silva Tarouca Research Institute.

[14] 曾令祥編著,藥用植物病蟲害,貴州科技出版社,2017.02,第20頁

[15] 吳時英，徐穎主編,城市森林病蟲害圖鑑第2版,上海科學技術出版社,2019.07,第89頁

[16] 曹恒生，唐燕平編著,花木病蟲害防治,安徽科學技術出版社,2002.01,第100頁

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