跳至內容

原發性卵巢功能低下

維基百科，自由的百科全書
原發性卵巢功能低下
又稱Primary ovarian insufficiency[1][2], premature ovarian insufficiency,[3] premature menopause,[1][4] and premature ovarian failure.[5]
分類和外部資源
醫學專科婦產科學
ICD-11GA30.6
OMIM311360、​300511、​300604、​608996、​611548、​612310、​612964、​615723、​615724
DiseasesDB9441
eMedicine271046
Orphanet619
[編輯此條目的維基數據]

原發性卵巢功能低下（primary ovarian insufficiency，POI）又稱為卵巢早衰（premature ovarian failure，POF）是指女性在 40 歲以前就喪失卵巢功能[6]。最初的症狀通常是月經不調[6]。隨後出現潮熱、盜汗、陰道乾燥、性慾減退等更年期症狀[6]。此外，還會經常遇到懷孕困難[6]。其他併發症包括可能合併骨質疏鬆症和心血管疾病[7]。

90％ 的病例病因不明[6]。有時，可能與遺傳性疾病（如：X染色體易裂症或特納綜合徵）、甲狀腺炎、愛迪生氏病、癌症治療或毒素（如：抽煙）等有關[6]。可能的致病機轉是卵巢內沒有剩餘的卵泡，或是卵巢的濾泡功能障礙[8]。診斷需月經沒有來至少 4 個月，且促卵泡激素的血中濃度上升[8]。

治療方法一般是採用雌激素和孕激素替代療法[9]。若是想要懷孕的女性，可以選擇以目前剩餘的少數卵細胞、年輕時的凍卵、他人捐獻的卵子進行體外受精[10]。約有 5% 至 10% 的女性在確診後，無需醫療處置仍會懷孕[8]。

原發性卵巢功能低下的發生率，在30歲時每 1,000 名女性中約有 1 名；到40歲時，每100 名女性中約有 1 名[11]。而小於20歲的發生率約為萬分之一[7]。 一般建議首選使用「原發性卵巢功能低下」這個術語，富勒·奧爾布賴特（英語：Fuller Albright）於 1942 年首次使用這個術語[11] [8]。

參考文獻

[編輯]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Santoro NF, Cooper AR. Santoro NF, Cooper AR , 編. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency A Clinical Guide to Early Menopause. Springer. 2016: i–207. ISBN 978-3-319-22490-9. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22491-6. Each scientific chapter begins with a clinical vignette: 1. "I almost fell out of my chair!" 2. "I could not stop crying..." 3. "I felt like an old woman." 4. "Great! More bad news!" 5. "...just see what happened, and hope." 6. "You push yourself through the fog that is in your head." 7. "I was shocked. Considering I was only 28 years old..." 8. "She is overwhelmed and distraught." 9. "Despite this devastation..." 10. "...some women have more pronounced mood responses to hormonal changes than others." 11. "...could a scientist create more <eggs> from a skin biopsy?... Surely, this kind of technology should exist somewhere." and 12. "...night sweats, severe sleep disturbance, dry eyes, and memory loss." 
  2. ^ Pastore LM, Christianson MS, Stelling J, Kearnsa WG, Segars JH. Reproductive ovarian testing and the alphabet soup of diagnoses: DOR, POI, POF, POR, and FOR. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. January 2018, 35 (1): 17–23. PMC 5758472 可免費查閱. PMID 28971280. doi:10.1007/s10815-017-1058-4. 
  3. ^ Kirshenbaum M, Orvieto R. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and autoimmunity-an update appraisal. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. November 2019, 36 (11): 2207–2215. PMC 6885484 可免費查閱. PMID 31440958. doi:10.1007/s10815-019-01572-0. 
  4. ^ Nelson LM. Clinical practice. Primary ovarian insufficiency. The New England Journal of Medicine. February 2009, 360 (6): 606–14. PMC 2762081 可免費查閱. PMID 19196677. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0808697. 
  5. ^ Zhang C. The roles of different stem cells on premature ovarian failure. Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy. March 2019, 15 (6): 473–481. PMID 30868961. S2CID 76665931. doi:10.2174/1574888X14666190314123006. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Primary Ovarian Insufficiency. medlineplus.gov. [24 October 2020]. （原始內容存檔於17 October 2020）.  網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期17 October 2020.
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Sharara, Fady I. Ethnic Differences in Fertility and Assisted Reproduction. Springer Science & Business Media. 2013: 56 [2021-01-18]. ISBN 978-1-4614-7548-4. （原始內容存檔於2021-08-29） （英語）.  網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2021-08-29.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Nelson, Lawrence M. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009, 360 (6): 606–14. PMC 2762081 可免費查閱. PMID 19196677. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0808697. 
  9. ^ Collins, Gretchen; Patel, Bansari; Thakore, Suruchi; Liu, James. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Current Concepts. Southern Medical Journal. March 2017, 110 (3): 147–153. PMID 28257537. doi:10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000611. 
  10. ^ Choe, J; Archer, JS; Shanks, AL. In Vitro Fertilization. StatPearls. January 2020. PMID 32965937. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Hillard, Paula J. Adams; Hillard, Paula Adams. The 5-minute Obstetrics and Gynecology Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008: 134 [26 October 2020]. ISBN 978-0-7817-6942-6. （原始內容存檔於29 August 2021） （英語）. 

外部連結

[編輯]



取自「https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=原發性卵巢功能低下&oldid=86056976」