伊萬 (建築)
外觀
伊萬(波斯語:ایوان,拉丁轉寫:eyvān;阿拉伯語:إيوان;Iwan、ivan;土耳其語:eyvan[1][2])是波斯和伊斯蘭建築中常見的一種長方形、帶有拱頂的空間,三面圍牆,一面開放。它由波斯人發明,3世紀時在帕提亞帝國治下達到成熟。在波斯語中伊萬的入口門面又稱「皮西塔克」(pishtaq)。其上常繪有繁複的幾何花紋和伊斯蘭書法[3][4]。伊萬的大小和形狀並不完全固定。
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Wright (1992), p. 508
- ^ Boas (2010), p. 366
- ^ Dictionary of Islamic architecture: Pishtaq (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) archnet.org.
- ^ Pishtaq (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) Britannica.
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