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电量损失

维基百科,自由的百科全书

电量损失容量损失蓄电池的一个现象,随着使用次数增加,充电后,在额定电压下可提供的电量渐渐减少[1][2]

2003年时曾报导锂离子电池在充放电500次后,电量减少12.4%至24.1%,平均每次充放电减少0.025–0.048%[3]

应力因素

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锂离子电池的电量损失会受到许多因素的影响,包括环境温度、放电速率,以及电量状态(SOC)。

电量损失和温度有很大的关系,若温度在25 °C,电量损失最小,温度不论大于或小于25 °C, 距离25 °C越远,电量损失都会增加[4][5]

电量损失对充放电速率(C-rate)很敏感,充放电速率越大,每次充放电的电量损失越大。锂离子电池低放电速率下的电量损失主要是因为化学机制的退化,而高充放电率下的电量损失则是因为机械结构的退化[6][7]

石墨/钴酸锂的电池,其电量损失和每次充放电的平均SOC以及SOC变化(ΔSOC)有关。头五百次充放电时平均SOC影响比SOC变化要大,在之后的测试,电量损失则是受SOC变化所影响[8]

相关条目

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参考资料

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  1. ^ Xia, Y. Capacity Fading on Cycling of 4 V Li/LiMn2O4 Cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 1997, 144 (8): 2593–2600. Bibcode:1997JElS..144.2593X. doi:10.1149/1.1837870. 
  2. ^ Amatucci, G. Cobalt dissolution in LiCoO2-based non-aqueous rechargeable batteries. Solid State Ionics. 1996, 83 (1–2): 167–173. doi:10.1016/0167-2738(95)00231-6. 
  3. ^ Spotnitz, R. Simulation of capacity fade in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources. 2003, 113 (1): 72–80. Bibcode:2003JPS...113...72S. doi:10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00490-1. 
  4. ^ Waldmann, Thomas. Temperature dependent ageing mechanisms in Lithium-ion batteries – A Post-Mortem study. Journal of Power Sources. September 2014, 262: 129–135. Bibcode:2014JPS...262..129W. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.112. 
  5. ^ W. Diao, Y. Xing, S. Saxena, and M. Pecht. Evaluation of Present Accelerated Temperature Testing and Modeling of Batteries. Applied Sciences. 2018, 8 (10): 1786. doi:10.3390/app8101786可免费查阅. 
  6. ^ C. Snyder. The Effects of charge/discharge Rate on Capacity Fade of Lithium Ion Batteries. 2016. Bibcode:2016PhDT.......260S. 
  7. ^ S. Saxena, Y. Xing, D. Kwon, and M. Pecht. Accelerated degradation model for C-rate loading of lithium-ion batteries. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2019, 107: 438–445. Bibcode:2019IJEPE.107..438S. S2CID 115690338. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.12.016. 
  8. ^ S. Saxena, C. Hendricks, and M. Pecht. Cycle life testing and modeling of graphite/LiCoO2 cells under different state of charge ranges. Journal of Power Sources. September 2016, 327: 394–400. Bibcode:2016JPS...327..394S. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.057.