瓶水仙属
外观
瓶水仙属 | |
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瓶水仙 Urceolina urceolata | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 单子叶植物 Monocots |
目: | 天门冬目 Asparagales |
科: | 石蒜科 Amaryllidaceae |
亚科: | 石蒜亚科 Amaryllidoideae |
族: | 南美水仙族 Eucharideae |
属: | 瓶水仙属 Urceolina Rchb. |
模式种 | |
瓶水仙 Urceolina urceolata (Herb.) Herb.
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异名[1] | |
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瓶水仙属(学名:Urceolina)也称作坛水仙属,是石蒜科的一个属,原产南美洲和中美洲热带地区。[1]根据最近的分子系统发生学研究,雄蕊杯退化的狭义瓶水仙属、号角水仙属(学名:Caliphruria;除了C. korsakoffii之外)、龙须水仙(学名:Eucrosia dodsonii)以及雄蕊杯显著的南美水仙属(学名:Eucharis)应当合并成同一个属。本属许多物种在英文中俗称亚马孙百合(英语:Amazon lily)。
下属物种
[编辑]- 南美水仙 Urceolina amazonica (Linden ex Planch.) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis amazonica Linden ex Planch.)
- 星杯南美水仙 Urceolina astrophiala Ravenna (= Eucharis astrophiala (Ravenna) Ravenna)
- 阿亚库乔瓶水仙 Urceolina ayacucensis Ravenna
- 侧花南美水仙 Urceolina bakeriana (N.E.Br.) Traub (= Eucharis bakeriana N.E.Br.)
- 短柄南美水仙 Urceolina bonplandii (Kunth) Traub (= Eucharis bonplandii (Kunth) Traub)
- 中美水仙 Urceolina bouchei (Woodson & P.Allen) Traub (= Eucharis bouchei Woodson & P.Allen)
- 白花南美水仙 Urceolina candida (Planch. & Linden) Traub (= Eucharis candida Planch. & Linden)
- 小花南美水仙 Urceolina castelnaeana (Baill.) Traub (= Eucharis castelnaeana (Baill.) J.F.Macbr.)
- 考卡水仙 Urceolina caucana (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis caucana Meerow)
- 棒蕊南美水仙 Urceolina corynandra Ravenna (= Eucharis corynandra (Ravenna) Ravenna)
- 库斯科瓶水仙 Urceolina cuzcoensis Vargas
- 蓝种南美水仙 Urceolina cyaneosperma (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis cyaneosperma Meerow)
- 龙须水仙 Urceolina dodsonii (Meerow & Dehgan) Meerow (= Eucrosia dodsonii Meerow & Dehgan)
- 美丽南美水仙 Urceolina formosa (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis formosa Meerow)
- 褐黄瓶水仙 Urceolina fulva Herb.
- 尖齿号角水仙 Urceolina hartwegiana (Herb.) Traub (= Caliphruria hartwegiana Herb.)
- 宽叶瓶水仙 Urceolina latifolia (Herb.) Benth. & Hook.f.
- 尖齿南美水仙 Urceolina lehmannii (Regel) Traub (= Eucharis lehmannii Regel)
- 细瓶水仙 Urceolina microcrater Kraenzl.
- 短叶南美水仙 Urceolina moorei (Baker) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis moorei (Baker) Meerow)
- 尖蕊南美水仙 Urceolina oxyandra Ravenna (= Eucharis oxyandra (Ravenna) Ravenna)
- 褶杯南美水仙 Urceolina plicata (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis plicata Meerow)
- 假瓶水仙 Urceolina robledoana (Vargas) Traub
- 短柱南美水仙 Urceolina ruthiana (L.Jost, Oleas & Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis ruthiana L.Jost, Oleas & Meerow)
- 少花南美水仙 Urceolina sanderi (Baker) Traub (= Eucharis sanderi Baker)
- 号角水仙 Urceolina subedentata (Baker) Traub (= Caliphruria subedentata Baker)
- 软花号角水仙 Urceolina tenera (Baker) Traub (= Caliphruria tenera Baker)
- 黑种南美水仙 Urceolina ulei (Kraenzl.) Traub (= Eucharis ulei Kraenzl.)
- 瓶水仙 Urceolina urceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Asch. & Graebn.
杂交种
[编辑]- Urceolina × butcheri (Traub) Traub (= × Calicharis butcheri (Traub) Meerow)
- Urceolina × clibranii (Mast.) Traub (= × Urceocharis clibranii Mast.)
- Urceolina × edentata (C.H.Wright) Traub (= × Urceocharis edentata C.H.Wright)
- 短杯南美水仙 Urceolina × grandiflora (Planch. & Linden) Traub (= Eucharis × grandiflora Planch. & Linden)
- Eucharis × stevensii hort. ex N.E.Br.[3]
栽培与用途
[编辑]普遍栽培供观赏的物种有南美水仙(学名:Urceolina amazonica)、短杯南美水仙(学名:Urceolina × grandiflora)、号角水仙(学名:Urceolina subedentata)等。[4]它通过去除偏移来繁殖,这可在春季完成,将它们单独盆栽在15厘米的盆中。它需要肥沃的土壤和足够的沙子来保持堆肥开放,并且应该有充足的水供应。它适合在夜间温度为18°至20°C,白天升至25°C的环境。在夏季,换盆可以促进植物生长,但之后应将植物移至约15°C的夜间温度,这可让植物稍微休息一下。有时也可暂停浇水一段时间,但作为一个常绿植物,不得让它干燥太久。到年底,它们可能会再次获得更多的热量和更多的水分,这可能会促使它们开花。[4]有了较小的植物储备,可以连续种植它们,就有可能全年开花。[4]
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南美水仙 Urceolina amazonica
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白花南美水仙 Urceolina candida
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短杯南美水仙 Urceolina × grandiflora
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号角水仙 Urceolina subedentata
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Urceolina Rchb.. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. [2023-06-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-06-03).
- ^ Meerow, Alan W.; Gardner, Elliot M.; Nakamura, Kyoko. Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): Unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020, 11. ISSN 1664-462X. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.582422/full.
- ^ Brown, Nicholas Edward. New or Noteworthy Plants. The Gardeners' Chronicle, ser. 3. 1890-05-24, 7 (178): 640–641 [2023-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-12).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 公有领域出版物的文本: Chisholm, Hugh (编). Eucharis. Encyclopædia Britannica 9 (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press: 868. 1911. 此句或之前多句包含来自