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電量損失

维基百科,自由的百科全书
(重定向自電池衰退

電量損失容量損失蓄電池的一個現象,隨著使用次數增加,充電後,在額定電壓下可提供的電量漸漸減少[1][2]

2003年時曾報導鋰離子電池在充放電500次後,電量減少12.4%至24.1%,平均每次充放電減少0.025–0.048%[3]

應力因素

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鋰離子電池的電量損失會受到許多因素的影響,包括環境溫度、放電速率,以及電量狀態(SOC)。

電量損失和溫度有很大的關係,若溫度在25 °C,電量損失最小,溫度不論大於或小於25 °C, 距離25 °C越遠,電量損失都會增加[4][5]

電量損失對充放電速率(C-rate)很敏感,充放電速率越大,每次充放電的電量損失越大。锂离子电池低放電速率下的電量損失主要是因為化學機制的退化,而高充放電率下的電量損失則是因為機械結構的退化[6][7]

石墨/鈷酸鋰的電池,其電量損失和每次充放電的平均SOC以及SOC變化(ΔSOC)有關。頭五百次充放電時平均SOC影響比SOC變化要大,在之後的測試,電量損失則是受SOC變化所影響[8]

相關條目

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參考資料

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  1. ^ Xia, Y. Capacity Fading on Cycling of 4 V Li/LiMn2O4 Cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 1997, 144 (8): 2593–2600. Bibcode:1997JElS..144.2593X. doi:10.1149/1.1837870. 
  2. ^ Amatucci, G. Cobalt dissolution in LiCoO2-based non-aqueous rechargeable batteries. Solid State Ionics. 1996, 83 (1–2): 167–173. doi:10.1016/0167-2738(95)00231-6. 
  3. ^ Spotnitz, R. Simulation of capacity fade in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources. 2003, 113 (1): 72–80. Bibcode:2003JPS...113...72S. doi:10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00490-1. 
  4. ^ Waldmann, Thomas. Temperature dependent ageing mechanisms in Lithium-ion batteries – A Post-Mortem study. Journal of Power Sources. September 2014, 262: 129–135. Bibcode:2014JPS...262..129W. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.112. 
  5. ^ W. Diao, Y. Xing, S. Saxena, and M. Pecht. Evaluation of Present Accelerated Temperature Testing and Modeling of Batteries. Applied Sciences. 2018, 8 (10): 1786. doi:10.3390/app8101786可免费查阅. 
  6. ^ C. Snyder. The Effects of charge/discharge Rate on Capacity Fade of Lithium Ion Batteries. 2016. Bibcode:2016PhDT.......260S. 
  7. ^ S. Saxena, Y. Xing, D. Kwon, and M. Pecht. Accelerated degradation model for C-rate loading of lithium-ion batteries. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2019, 107: 438–445. Bibcode:2019IJEPE.107..438S. S2CID 115690338. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.12.016. 
  8. ^ S. Saxena, C. Hendricks, and M. Pecht. Cycle life testing and modeling of graphite/LiCoO2 cells under different state of charge ranges. Journal of Power Sources. September 2016, 327: 394–400. Bibcode:2016JPS...327..394S. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.057.