玫瑰方孔藤壶

玫瑰方孔藤壶
	摄于澳大利亚巴利角
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亚门：	甲殼亞門 Crustacea
纲：	鞘甲纲 Thecostraca
目：	藤壺目 Balanomorpha
科：	笠藤壺科 Tetraclitidae
属：	方孔藤壶属 Tesseropora
种：	玫瑰方孔藤壶 T. rosea
二名法
	Tesseropora rosea; Krauss 1848
異名
	Conia rosea Krauss, 1848 ; Tetraclita rosea Darwin, 1854 ;

玫瑰方孔藤壶（Tesseropora rosea），俗称玫瑰藤壶（Rose Barnacle），是方孔藤壶属的一种藤壶，分布于澳大利亚、南非和印度尼西亚等地，栖息于暴露的、受浪冲击的岩石和潮间带区域。它们主要以浮游动物为食，仅在强水流中伸展蔓足。壳体直径通常约2厘米（0.79英寸），由四片板组成，随年龄增长而变为粉红色，因此得名。

形态

玫瑰藤壶具有陡峭的圆锥形壳体，外壁由四片板构成。钙质壳基直径通常约1.9厘米（0.75英寸），最大可超过2.5厘米（0.98英寸）；藤壶高度通常为1.3厘米（0.51英寸）^[3]^{（p. 366）}。位于板中央的三角形被称为壁板（parietes），每片壁板具有单列大型方形孔道^[2]^[3]^{（p. 353 & 366）}。幼体壳体呈浅灰色，随年龄增长逐渐变粉^[4]，壳体表面覆盖紫色条纹。^[2]

壳体顶部的开口称为壳口，可通过由背板（tergum）和盾板（scutum）组成的厣关闭，两者之间以线性开口分隔；该结构起到类似盖子的作用。^[3]^{（p. 352–3）}玫瑰藤壶的壳口通常为五边形，但常因侵蚀呈现四边形或三角形。厣板表面可见明显脊沟结构，壳口宽度范围为2.3至7.8毫米（0.091至0.307英寸）。^[2]

栖息地与分布

玫瑰藤壶栖息于潮上带至58米水深处的暴露岩岸，附着于岩石和贝壳表面，能耐受强浪活动。^[5]^[6]具体分布：

澳大利亚：常见于悉尼港，东海岸的新南威尔士州和昆士兰州（南纬19°-38°之间）种群丰富，豪勋爵岛和较偏远的克马德克群岛亦有分布。^[3]^{（p. 366）}^[2] 也出现于西海岸的弗里曼特尔地区和奧班尼周边，可能通过压舱水引入。^[7]^:665^[8]

南非：模式产地阿尔戈亚湾（该物种最早在此被描述）。^[2]

印度尼西亚：见于安汶岛和萨帕鲁阿岛。^[2]

食性

玫瑰藤壶以浮游动物为主食，同时也捕食桡足类等小型甲壳动物，以及藤壶无节幼体、硅藻和藻类。^[9]^{（p. 649）}其仅在遇强水流时伸展蔓足摄食，因此无法在静水区生存。^[2]

参考资料

^ List of barnacles sent to the Copenhagen Museum. Natural History Museum of Denmark. Edited by John van Wyhe (Darwin Online). [3 February 2025]. （原始内容存档于2024-12-12）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 ^2.7 Pitriana, Pipit; Valente, Luis; Rintelen, Thomas von; Jones, Diana S.; Prabowo, Romanus E.; Rintelen, Kristina von. An annotated checklist and integrative biodiversity discovery of barnacles (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from the Moluccas, East Indonesia. ZooKeys. 2020-07-03, (945): 17–83 [2025-02-27]. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 7351798 . PMID 32714005. doi:10.3897/zookeys.945.39044 . （原始内容存档于2025-01-19）（英语）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Pope, E. C. A simplified key to the sessile barnacles found on the rocks, boats, wharf piles and other installations in Port Jackson and adjacent waters. Records of the Australian Museum. 1945-06-25, 21 (6): 351–372 [2025-02-27]. ISSN 0067-1975. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.21.1945.550. （原始内容存档于2025-01-27）（英语）.
^ Tesseropora rosea. Museums Victoria Collections. [9 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-14）.
^ Tesseropora rosea. Atlas of Living Australia. [9 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于9 Aug 2019）.
^ Tesseropora rosea. Museum of Tropical Queensland. [9 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于23 Mar 2015）.
^ Jones, Diana S. Occurrence of the Barnacle Tesseropora rosea (Krauss) (Thoracia, Balanomorpha, Tetraclitidae) in Western Australian Waters.. Records of the Western Australian Museum. 1990, 14 (4) [2025-01-03] （英语）.
^ Huisman, John M.; Jones, Diana S.; Wells, Fred E.; Burton, Timothy. Introduced marine biota in Western Australian waters. Records of the Western Australian Museum. 2008, 25: 23 [2025-02-27]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-14）.
^ Anderson, D. T.; Buckle, J. Cirral Activity and Feeding in the Coronuloid Barnacles Tesseropora Rosea (Krauss) and Tetraclitella Purpurascens (Wood) (Tetraclitidae). Bulletin of Marine Science. 1983-07-01, 33 (3): 645–655 [2025-02-27]. （原始内容存档于2025-01-14）.

[1] List of barnacles sent to the Copenhagen Museum. Natural History Museum of Denmark. Edited by John van Wyhe (Darwin Online). [3 February 2025]. （原始内容存档于2024-12-12）.

[zookeys-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 ^2.7 Pitriana, Pipit; Valente, Luis; Rintelen, Thomas von; Jones, Diana S.; Prabowo, Romanus E.; Rintelen, Kristina von. An annotated checklist and integrative biodiversity discovery of barnacles (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from the Moluccas, East Indonesia. ZooKeys. 2020-07-03, (945): 17–83 [2025-02-27]. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 7351798 . PMID 32714005. doi:10.3897/zookeys.945.39044 . （原始内容存档于2025-01-19）（英语）.

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Pope, E. C. A simplified key to the sessile barnacles found on the rocks, boats, wharf piles and other installations in Port Jackson and adjacent waters. Records of the Australian Museum. 1945-06-25, 21 (6): 351–372 [2025-02-27]. ISSN 0067-1975. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.21.1945.550. （原始内容存档于2025-01-27）（英语）.

[vicmuseum-4] Tesseropora rosea. Museums Victoria Collections. [9 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-14）.

[ala-5] Tesseropora rosea. Atlas of Living Australia. [9 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于9 Aug 2019）.

[troppoQueenslander-6] Tesseropora rosea. Museum of Tropical Queensland. [9 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于23 Mar 2015）.

[:1-7] Jones, Diana S. Occurrence of the Barnacle Tesseropora rosea (Krauss) (Thoracia, Balanomorpha, Tetraclitidae) in Western Australian Waters.. Records of the Western Australian Museum. 1990, 14 (4) [2025-01-03] （英语）.

[8] Huisman, John M.; Jones, Diana S.; Wells, Fred E.; Burton, Timothy. Introduced marine biota in Western Australian waters. Records of the Western Australian Museum. 2008, 25: 23 [2025-02-27]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-14）.

[9] Anderson, D. T.; Buckle, J. Cirral Activity and Feeding in the Coronuloid Barnacles Tesseropora Rosea (Krauss) and Tetraclitella Purpurascens (Wood) (Tetraclitidae). Bulletin of Marine Science. 1983-07-01, 33 (3): 645–655 [2025-02-27]. （原始内容存档于2025-01-14）.

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